Review of “Satantango” by László Krasznahorkai

I don’t agree with James Wood, whose summary review is printed on the cover of this post-modern novel. This story is not profoundly unsettling; however, I think I know why they used that phrase.
This book was translated from Hungarian. I give two thumbs up to the translator, George Szirtes, because this was undoubtedly a monumental effort. There were very few grammatical errors and only a few missing words. The reason I am so impressed is that each twenty-plus page chapter comprised a single paragraph, which ranged across time and multiple characters, rather than focusing on a single character’s state of mind. Needless to say, this was a page turner; I couldn’t put it down until I finished each chapter/paragraph.
I couldn’t easily identify a plot, character arcs, or any other common literary themes in this work. The best way to describe it is as a literary journey into the lives of several individuals left behind in a changing society. No one is spared having their minuscule existence laid bare for the reader, even those who think they are in control. Everyone is portrayed as an unnecessary and redundant piece of machinery that is being tossed into the garbage after the social system on which they depended has broken and cannot be repaired. But none of them suspect the truth as they drag their tired minds and bodies through rain and mud towards a goal they know to be futile. If they are lucky, they can remain in stasis until they die, hopefully soon.
This bleak summary may sound “profoundly unsettling”, but only from an existential perspective. The reader shouldn’t be upset by their pathetic lives, however; there is no undue violence perpetrated on the characters, no shootings, not even self-recognition of their sorry state. They are oblivious. Perhaps that is why James Wood found it so disturbing; they didn’t even notice that the world had left them behind. I try not to read too much into novels, so maybe I don’t give as much weight to such literary analyses. I’ll leave that to scholars of literature.
You might be surprised to hear that I recommend this book, not for its literary value or deeply spiritual insight into post-modern civilization. It was simply fun to read a book where I didn’t have time to think about what came next. The author succeeded in bringing me, the reader, into a stream-of-consciousness experience in which I lost track of time.
I was just along for the ride…
Reseña de “El coronel no tiene quien le escriba” por Gabriel García Márquez

English
This is another short novel by Márquez, this time centered on an out-of-luck, retired military officer still waiting, after 15 years, for the retirement he was promised after the revolution. I can’t say anything about the grammar other than what I’ve said before: Spanish authors don’t like punctuation and, I think, they like to promote confusion. There is no plot, only a series of insignificant events that lead nowhere. The central character is probably the saddest inhabitant of his village, and the antagonist is a fighting cock he inherited from his deceased son. He feeds it rather than himself and his wife, hoping he can sell it after the next big fight–always the next fight. The story ends like it begins: waiting for the letter and for a better price to sell the champion chicken. What saves the story is the richness of the description of life in a poor Latin American village.
Español
Esto es otra novela menor por Márquez, esta vez centrada en un oficial militar jubilado y sin suerte que sigue esperando, después de 15 años, por la pensión de jubilación que se le prometió después de la revolución. No puedo añadir nada a la gramática más allá de lo que dije antes: no quieren los autores espańoles la puntuación y (yo pienso) ellos quieren promover la confusión. No hay trama sino solo una serie de eventos que no conducen a ninguna parte. El personaje central es probablemente el habitante más triste de su pueblo y su antagonista es un gallo de pelea que él heredó de su hijo muerto. El lo alimenta en vez de a él mismo y a su esposa, esperando que pueda venderlo después de la próximo gran pelea–siempre la próxima pelea. La historia termina como comienza: el coronel está esperando la carta y un mejor precio de modo que pueda vender el gallo campeón. Lo que salva la historia es la riqueza de la descripción de la vida en un pobre pueblo latinoamericano.
Review of “Astra” by Cedar Bowers

This novel relates an unpleasant story in a very interesting manner. The story unfolds through the eyes of ten people who encounter the central character during her life. By unpleasant, I don’t mean it is a tragedy; in fact, it is a relatively benign tale of the life of a person with a problematic childhood. What makes it so interesting is seeing Astra through multiple perspectives. However, she does appear in all of the chapters and participates in dialogue. The picture that emerges is complicated by the biases of the characters who interact with her, but it is not a happy image.
Despite the interesting story that unfolds through multiple points of view, sometimes it seems that the characters sound similar; the underlying theme appears to be self-absorption, which can seem cynical but is probably realistic. Astra doesn’t do what people want her to do. Different characters respond in unique ways as they contribute to the story.
I was somewhat disappointed by the ending because I expected this complex image to be shattered when Astra speaks for herself in the last chapter. Nevertheless, this story isn’t about plot or character development, but instead about how others see Astra. I didn’t like her, but the woman who appears from this kaleidoscope is realistic and probably representative of a large number of single mothers with disturbing histories.
I am glad to finally recommend a novel after so many disappointments.
Review of “Oaths (poems)” by F. S. Yousaf

I’m in over my head on this one. I can’t even format the title correctly. There is no punctuation in the title, but the subtitle is on the next line. Parentheses are the best I could do, which is what this review is.
I don’t read poetry, not because I thinks it’s useless–I just don’t read it. So I thought I should give it a try. I assumed that poets were masters of metaphor and all kinds of word relationships. Especially subtlety. There’s nothing subtle about the author’s pining for their youth, and to make things better for themselves. I don’t know if that’s actually how they felt when they wrote these sentimental poems, but that’s what this collection is about.
Not feeling abused emotionally or physically as a child or young adult, I had difficulty relating to the tenor of these short works. Nevertheless, there were some great metaphors and similes in here, along with some interesting presentation styles I appreciated (or tried to appreciate). I just couldn’t get into the often dark, frequently reminiscent, and always contemplative themes represented. I read a few pages now and then as a catharsis–for what I don’t know. Because the theme is so dark and deep most of the time, this isn’t exactly good meditation material.
I don’t feel qualified to express an opinion about this work, but the topic turned me off. But that’s just me, and I am a beginner at reading poetry. In fact, I had to Google how to read poetry. I even tried memorizing some of them to be sure I had read them correctly. I’m not giving up on poetry and, in fact, I’ll be starting another collection I purchased along with this one. I’ll let you know what I think.
If you enjoy deeply introspective poetry, you might already be familiar with the author’s work…
Review of “The Folded Sky” by Elizabeth Bear

I’ll start with the easy part. The author has created an entire galaxy of worlds, which I assume define the “White Space Novel” series. There are even pirates, humans who want nothing to do with the modern world or aliens, which there are plenty of in this story. The action scenes aboard various spacecraft are well written and exciting.
The story is a mix of banal family drama and high-energy action scenes, all set to the backdrop of an imminent stellar explosion. The combination doesn’t work for me. I’ve been trying to figure out why, and I finally decided that there are too many antagonists. The story gets convoluted and it is hard to know who or what is an actual threat. The family scenes took up most of the first third of the book; I think the author realized they had lost track of the plot and jammed all the action they could into the last third.
At least twenty percent of the book is wisecracks by the first-person narrator. They used every simile and metaphor in the TWENTIETH CENTURY books. Maybe this is because the central character studies ancient civilizations, but her family had left earth only a few generations before the story takes place. It was very difficult to remember that they are a serious scientist with all the supercilious comments. Overall, this unnecessary self-reflection seriously detracts from the story, and adds a lot of pages.
There’s too much going on…but nothing. Once it became obvious that the pirates were just background noise, the book reduced to a whodunnit about a couple of attempted murders. Every seemingly hopeless situation is miraculously overcome with more fantastical alien powers. In other words, the story is contrived to fit the author’s predetermined ending. All authors do that to some degree, but it was a little too obvious in this book.
If you like space operas you’ll probably enjoy this book.
Reseña de “Crónica de una muerte anunciada” por Gabriel García Márquez

Este libro fue muy difícil de leer. Un hombre inocente es asesinado por gemelos que creen que él arruinó la reputación de su hermana y destruyó la noche de bodas. La historia relata eventos previos a la muerte. Es un asesinato por venganza en un pueblecito pobre en el que una novia debe ser virgen. Toda la gente sabe sobre el plan de los gemelos pero espera en fascinación. Es una muerte brutal, acto cometido a plena vista. El narrador investiga el crimen y descubre la verdad después de muchas entrevistas con testigos años después.
La novela está escrita en español coloquial y es probablemente demasiado difícil para un estudiante como yo. Yo nunca sospeché que el español tuviera tanto sinónimos para palabras comunes. No pienso que aprendí ninguna palabra nueva. Sin embargo no me gusta narrador omnisciente, especialmente en español porque es imposible para mantener los caracteres cuando sus pensamientos y actos se confunden. La autora usó nombres completos pero esto solo aumenta la confusión. Para complicar las cosas el asesinato se describe varias veces por diferentes perspectivas. Oh, Dios!
Yo elegí este libro porque es corto pero ahora deseo que nunca hubiera leido! Brutal. Triste. Otro ejemplo de Garcías conocimiento sobre cultura latina.
Review of “The Gulag Archipelago. Volume 3” by Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn

This is the last in the series, and it continues the author’s eclectic writing style, mixing personal experiences with those of other survivors of the Gulag system. He introduced the idea of the Gulag being a nation, so this volume describes the inhabitants and extrapolates the system to the entire Russian state. His arguments are pretty convincing; you can’t create such a system of forced labor, in which the majority of the “workers” die of malnutrition, freezing temperatures, and murder by the hands of their captors.
The Gulag extended beyond the camps, forming communities of exiles after their release. Life as an exile was so bad that many former inmates returned to the work camps as “free” laborers or by committing new crimes (which was easy to do within the Soviet system). The author argues that the Archipelago so impacted Soviet society that the entire nation was swallowed by the Gulag, turning Russia into one large work camp. A society characterized by paranoia, distrust, and total submission to the state.

This photo of the author in the infamous Ekibastuz special camp (for 58s, political offenders) perfectly conveys the stoic, distrustful expression common to all survivors. That thin coat was what they wore (if they were lucky) in -50F weather working outdoors. Many froze to death at work or on the long hike back to the unheated barracks. Imagine a society with this mentality, even if they don’t show it on their faces.
These books were long, probably unnecessarily so, but they left me with an indelible impression of just how poorly people treat each other; the Gulag was filled with Russian citizens, many of whom fought during the Second World War.
Man’s inhumanity to man knows no bounds…
Reflections of a Road Warrior

I began my journey in the overpopulated East, where the Appalachian Mountains—formed more than 250 million years ago—now lie subdued beneath layers of human settlement and urgency. The roads here are crowded, the pace performative. Drivers jockey for position, not just to arrive but to assert. In this terrain, driving is a social act, a negotiation of space and dominance. I obeyed the speed limits, but the pressure to conform was palpable. The land, ancient and eroded, seemed to whisper of restraint, but the people moved as if chased.

Crossing the Great Plains, the landscape flattened into a vast, glacially weathered expanse. Once grasslands, now farmland, the terrain offered little variation—just endless repetition. Here, the temptation to speed was not about competition but escape. The monotony of the land invited dissociation. Cruise control became a crutch, and the mind wandered. I found myself accelerating not out of urgency, but out of boredom. The road stretched like a taut string, and I felt the pull to snap forward. But I resisted. I slowed down. I began to see the land not as obstacle, but as place.

In the intermontane basins and across the Rocky Mountains, the terrain shifted again. The Rockies, surprisingly, offered no drama. I crossed them with nary a whimper. The basins between ranges were long, subdued, and emotionally neutral. Driving here felt mechanical, almost meditative. The land flattened my urgency. I became an automaton, moving through space without resistance. It was peaceful, but also forgettable. The road no longer demanded attention—it simply received it.
Then came western Montana, Idaho, and Washington. The youthful peaks struck like a cymbal crash. Steep grades, winding highways, and sudden elevation shifts pierced the monotony. I was exhausted—metaphorically speaking—by the mind-numbing landscape behind me, and now the terrain demanded vigilance. Driving became reactive again. The land had changed, and so had I. I was no longer cruising; I was contending. The road had become a teacher.

Less than a mile from my motel in Missoula, I witnessed a collision—a junker sports car and a delivery van, both likely violating traffic laws. The vehicles bounced like Tonka Toys, absurdly intact despite the violence. The driver of the wrecked car tried to restart his mangled machine, as if denial could override physics. Traffic paused, sighed, and resumed. No one panicked. No one intervened. The system absorbed the chaos and continued. It was a once-in-a-lifetime moment, and I had a front-row seat.

This scene encompassed many of the behaviors I’d observed across the country. Reckless driving wasn’t confined to high speeds—it occurred at low speeds too, often in familiar places. We rarely pause to see these events as inevitable outcomes of behavioral contagion, misaligned urgency, and systemic detachment. The stoic traveler observes without absorbing panic, recognizing the choreography of modern motion and its refusal to acknowledge consequence.
As I drove westward, I began to notice a pattern—not just in the terrain, but in how people moved through it. Flatness bred velocity and boredom. Elevation restored awareness. Geological youth correlated with behavioral tension. The land was not neutral. It shaped urgency, perception, and emotional posture. I had come to recognize a love-hate relationship with living in such a large country. The vastness invites freedom, but also fatigue. Driving is, above all else, boring—especially at highway speeds. But boredom is part of the lesson.
And then came the most important realization: Let local traffic pass; their urgency is not yours. This became my mantra. Most of the vehicles around me were not crossing states. They were running errands, commuting, performing routines. Their urgency was performative, not purposeful. I was on a different journey. I didn’t need to match their pace. I didn’t need to compete. I could let them pass. I could observe without absorbing. I could drive with intention.
This awareness led, fitfully, to acknowledging the inescapable control of the land over our minds and emotions. The terrain modulates behavior. It governs how we move, how we think, how we feel. The road is not just a conduit—it’s a medium. And to cross America solo is to engage with that medium fully. It’s to see the choreography between geology and psychology, between motion and meaning.
I did not enjoy driving fast. I found it fatiguing, disorienting, and performative. Slowing down was not just a mechanical adjustment—it was a philosophical one. It allowed me to appreciate the act of covering ground, to see the land as layered text, to learn in a hands-on way about geological and societal history that no Wikipedia article could convey. I stopped at unexpected locations. I absorbed stories sedimented in stone and soil. I saw how the land shaped settlement, movement, and memory.
I wish I’d had more time. My mind couldn’t keep up with the rapid pace. I experienced a kind of jet lag, even though I never left the ground. The body moved faster than the mind could metabolize. Reflection lagged behind experience. But that lag was instructive. It revealed the limits of perception, the need for pacing, the value of restraint.
In the end, this drive was not just a crossing—it was a reckoning. It was a slow-motion confrontation with the land, with behavior, with self. I began in the roots of the Appalachians and ended in the youthful peaks of the Northwest. I moved from assertion to observation, from urgency to awareness. I let others pass. I slowed down. I listened.

And the land spoke.
Acknowledgment
This essay was written by CoPilot after an extensive conversation, which it reduced to this piece. I accept full responsibility for the contents. The photographs are all real, taken by me along the way.
Review of “The Gulag Archipelago: Volume 2” by Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn

This three-volume book set won a Nobel Prize, so there isn’t much for me to add about its impact on the literary world. It describes the Soviet forced-labor, penal system in an entertaining style, blending personal experience with anecdotes and documented evidence from other camp survivors. It is nonfiction but neither is it autobiographical nor a documentary; it falls in a no-mans-land between personal opinion and an angry and disillusioned tirade. The first volume addressed the Soviet judicial system at a basic level, through the eyes of those ground up in its gears, which turned without purpose or guidance.
This volume explores life in the “Special Camps”, slave-labor facilities reserved for “58s”–political prisoners. The author describes what it’s like to become less than human through a relentless campaign of dehumanization and torture that lasts years, if not decades, for those consigned by the state to develop natural resources in regions where no one would voluntarily go. It is a brutal story of starvation, continuous mental and physical abuse, and death at the hands of the “natives'” own government. The vast majority of the “sons of the gulag” died in remote regions of Siberia, or at the gates of Moscow itself in camps, often comprising tents (in -30F weather!) over a period spanning decades. The inhumane conditions were often equally applied to women and children, as well as men.
The author convincingly portrays the Gulag as a microcosm of Soviet society, and, in my opinion, the human race as a whole. He exquisitely reveals the interaction of individuals as they form a new society, even in such harsh conditions. Cheks (Soviet masters) and Zeks (the 58s), joined by hardened criminals and exiled “free” people need each other to survive in the topsy-turvy world of Soviet Russia, but it is a marriage born in hell and consummated on the wind-ravaged, frozen steppe of Asia.
The English version was, of course, translated from Russian; the translator did an excellent job finding English and American phrases to match the original text–for example, the loyal Communists who found themselves labeled 58s and accepted their imminent demise in a death camp as due to something they did unawares, were, in the author’s opinion, pigheaded. So true.
This is another long volume in a saga that could go on for many more volumes, but there is only one more which I am currently reading. However, this is a review of this book; and my opinion is that it is too long, often awkwardly written, and doesn’t include enough autobiographical details. The author is trying to (I think) distance himself from what he refers to in Volume 3 as (paraphrasing) one of the most profound periods of his life.
Read it at your own risk.
Review of “Foundation and Earth” by Isaac Asimov

This is the final episode of the Foundation series, written by my favorite SF writer. I don’t know how one might properly finish such an epic series of novels (they cover more than 500 years), but I found the ending unsatisfying. Several questions raised in this book will remain unanswered…
Asimov writes in a very dated style, cumbersome and wordy, which dampens the reader’s anticipation. There is a lot of introspection by the characters, and the narrator is omniscient–knowing every character’s non-spoken emotional response in every scene. I don’t care for that style myself, but he uses multiple POVs most of the time.
The characters are on a galaxy-spanning search for Earth, the ancestral home of humanity, after 20,000 years of expansion into the Milky Way. They get into some tough scrapes and escape thanks to a character with uncanny powers of mental control that span galactic scales. Talk about non-local quantum entanglement! This story is as much about the potential pathways of civilization as their quest for Earth. How many cultures and phenotypes can evolve in twenty millennia? Very imaginative and creative.
In the preface, Asimov says he didn’t want to write any more Foundation novels, but the franchise’s resurgence among SF fans in the 80s put pressure on him (from his editor) to write this book. His reluctance to write it shows in the lackluster response to some questions and the silver bullet represented by one member of the group. However, as in his early days, he ups the ante in the ending, demonstrating one way all galactic roads might lead back to Earth, the cradle of humanity.
This book is fine as a standalone story and, to be honest, I didn’t remember much of the previous three novels. With SF there is always more backstory than the author can include. It’s is a fun book, especially the ongoing debate between the characters about individuality versus group consciousness. Despite the convincing arguments made for shared consciousness across the galaxy, I think something would be lost–maybe the unbridled creativity of “Isolates” like me experiencing reality alone.
Maybe I’m not ready for the future…

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